刘毅词汇10000学习笔记(三)

刘毅词汇10000学习笔记(三)刘毅词汇10000学习笔记(三)

刘毅词汇10000学习笔记 lesson 31

 

1accessn ~ to sth  means of approaching or entering (进入或接近某地的)方法,通路

The village is easy of access。到那个村子的路很容易走。

The only access to the farmhouse is across the field。要到那农舍去唯有穿过田地。

~ to sth/sb (使用某物或接近某人的)机会,权利

Students must have access to a good library。学生要有使用好图书馆的便利条件。

◎ accessible(adj) ~ to sb 可接近的,可进入的,可使用的

 

approachv)(在时间或空间上)接近或靠近某人某事物

The time is approaching when we must think about buying a new house。我们要想一想买新房子的事情了,时机即将来临。

As you approach the town the first building you see is the church。接近那座城镇时,首先看到的就是教堂。

           vt)(在性质或特点上)接近某人某事物

Few writers even begin to approach Shakespeare’s greatness。莎士比亚的伟大,鲜有作家能望其项背。

vtbegin to tackle 着手处理(事务、难题等)

Before trying to solve the puzzle,let us consider the best way to approach it。想要解决这一难题,咱们先来考虑一下如何着手为上策。

(n)接近

At her approach,the children ran off。她走近的时候,孩子们全跑开了

n)性质或特点相似的事物

That’s the nearest approach to a smile he ever makes。那已算他作出的最近乎微笑的表示了。

n)道路,通路;手段,方法

◎ approachable(adj)(指人或物)可接近的

2beckonv)(以手、臂、头部的动作)召唤某人(通常使之走近或跟随自己) ~ to sb to do sth

City life beckons many a country boy。都市生活吸引着许多乡村子弟

~ sb in, on, over, etc  示意某人按指定的方向行动

The girl standing at the mouth of the cave beckoned him in。站在洞口的一个女孩摆手叫他进去。

signalv)(不用于被动) ~ to sb/sth for sth 发信号传达(某信息),用信号与某人通讯

signaling wildly with one’s arms 奋力挥臂打信号

3concurvi~ with sb in sth 同意,表示意见一致

She expressed her opposition to the plan,and I fully concur with her in this matter。她对计划表示反对,在这一问题上我完全同意她的看法。

          vi)(指事情等)同时发生

Everything concurred to produce a successful result。所有的事都同时发生而产生了一个圆满的结局。

agreevi~ to sth 同意,答应

~ with 同意,与某人意见一致

 

4denouncevt ~ sb to sb as sth (向当局)告发某人

An informer denounced him to the police as a terrorist。检举人已向警方告发他是恐怖分子。

           vt)谴责,指责,斥责

Union officials denounced the action as a breach of the agreement。工会负责人谴责这一行动破坏了协议。

accusevt~ sb of sth 指责某人有错,犯罪或犯法;指控,控告,谴责

accuse sb of cheating  谴责某人欺诈

◎ accusatory(adj)指责的,谴责的,控告的

accusatory remarks,glances 谴责的言语、目光

 

5fraynthe fray(修辞或谑)打斗,争吵

vt)使某物磨损(致使线、纤维或丝松弛)

Constant rubbing will fray even the thickest rope。再粗的绳子也禁不住总磨

shredn)(尤做复数)(撕下、切下、刮下)的细条、碎片

The jacket was torn to shreds by the barbed wire。那件夹克让铁丝网给挂碎了。

         v)将某物撕成碎条或切成碎片

shredding top-secret documents 用碎纸机把绝密文件切成碎片

◎ shredder(n)切碎机,碎纸机

 

6hamper(vt)prevent the movement or activity;hinder sb/sth 束缚某人;妨碍某人某事物

Our progress was hampered by the bad weather。我们前进时受到了恶劣天气的阻碍。

hindervt ~ sb/sth from doing sth   prevent the progress  obstruct or delay sb 阻碍、妨碍某事物的进展,阻挠或耽误某人

Production was hindered by lack of materials。由于缺乏原料,生产陷入停顿。

 

7maladyn)(文,通常做比喻)疾病,病

Violent crime is only one of the maladies afflicting modern society。暴力犯罪仅危害现代社会的弊病之一。

ailmentn)小病

He’s prone to minor ailments。他动不动就生点小病。

 

8plodvi ~ along/on 迈着沉重的脚步行走;艰难的行走;缓慢的进行某工作

We plodded on through the rain for several hours。 我们在雨中跋涉了几个小时。

~ away 持续并缓慢(艰难的)工作

He plodded away all night at the accounts but didn’t finish them in time。他彻夜不眠的清理帐目,却未能按时完成。

trudgevi)(因疲惫,走长路)缓慢而吃力的走

He trudged 20 miles。 他吃力的走了20英里。

 

9remnantn)(常做复数)事物或人剩余的小部分,余下的数量;遗留的痕迹

the remnants of a shattered army 被击溃的军队残余部分

remnants of one’s former glory自己过去的光荣见证

residuen)(通常做单数)剩余物,残余

 

10snorevi)打鼾,打呼噜

snoring noisily with his mouth open 张着嘴大声打鼾

wheezevi)呼吸时有声响(指由胸部发出的哨声,如因哮喘、支气管炎)

 

11tingevt)(尤用于被动语态) ~ sth with sth 使某物稍染颜色;使某物略受影响

admiring tinged with envy 稍含妒忌的赞美

tincturen ~ of sth (事物或性质的)些微迹象或特色

a tincture of heresy 稍有异端意味

 

 

刘毅词汇10000学习笔记 lesson 32

 

1bickervi ~ with sb over/about sth (为小事)争吵

The children are always bickering over their toys 孩子们常常为了玩具争吵

wranglevin ~ with sb about/over sth  与某人为某事争吵或争辩

They were involved in a long legal wrangle with the company over payment。他们与那家公司在付款问题上陷入长期的法律纠纷中。

 

2contrive(vt)plan cleverly or deceitfully;invent;design 谋划或策划某事,发明,设计

vt)想尽办法做某事 

contrive to live on a small income 靠微薄收入精打细算过日子

◎ contrived(adj)(贬)人为的,策划的,虚假的,非自发的

a contrived incident intended to mislead the newspaper 企图蒙蔽报界的人为事件。

hatch(vi)~ out (指小鸟、小鱼)从卵里孵出

The hen hatches out her young by sitting on the eggs  母鸡伏在蛋上孵小鸡。

(vt) ~ sth out/up 策划(阴谋),拟定(计划)

What mischief are those children hatching up?那些孩子在琢磨什么鬼花样?

 

3dazzlevt)(通常用于被动语态)(因强光、闪烁等)使某人目眩,眼花缭乱

I was dazzled by his headlights。 他的车头灯照的我目眩。

         vt)使某人赞许,称奇

He was dazzled by her beauty and wit 她的聪明美貌使他为之神魂颠倒。

glaren)耀眼的光;怒视,恶狠狠的注视

(习)in the glare of publicity 经常在报纸电视上的,受公众瞩目

(vi) ~ at sb/sth 怒视,恶狠狠的盯视

He didn’t shout and swear,but just glared sliently at me。他不喊不骂,只是默默怒视着我。

◎    glaring(adj)令人目眩的,耀眼的;生气的,凶狠的

 

4fumblevt)(笨拙的或紧张的)摸索或处理某事物

He fumbled the ball and then dropped it。他笨手笨脚的漏接了球。

(vi) ~ at/for/with sth 笨手笨脚的寻找某物

She fumbled with her notes and began to speak 她手忙脚乱的翻出讲稿,然后开始讲话

grope(vi) ~ about for/after sth 摸索,探索

a tricky question which groping him for an answer。迫使他搜寻答案的棘手问题

 

5impairvt)削弱或损害某事物

Today’s attack has seriously impaired attempts to achieve peace in the area。今日发动的攻击严重损害了在该地区谋求和平的努力。

damagen ~ to sth 损失,损害,损毁; (复数)损害赔偿金

         v 损害,损坏

damage relations between two countries 损害两国的关系

 

6mortifyvt)(通常用于被动语态)使某人深感羞辱或难堪

He felt mortified 他深感难堪

◎ mortifying(adj)使人丢脸的

◎ mortification(n)难堪

humiliatevt)使某人感到羞耻或不光彩,使丧失尊严或自尊

He felt humiliated by her scornful remarks 他听到她那些嘲讽的话而感到屈辱。

◎ humiliation(n)受辱

 

7predominantadj)有势力的,占优势的

Which country is the predominant member of the alliance?哪个国家在联盟中居于支配地位?

(adj)极其显著的,盛行的

Her predominant character is honesty。 她最为突出的优点是诚实。

outstandingadj)杰出的,优秀的,

adj)(通常做定语)地位显著的,为人瞩目的

The outstanding features of the landscape。景色的显著特点。

 

8sanitaryadj)清洁的,卫生的,保健的

Conditions in the kitchen was not very sanitary。厨房环境不太卫生

hygienicadj)卫生的,清洁的

hygienic conditions 卫生的环境

◎ hygiene(n)卫生学

 

9walletn)钱包、皮夹(尤指用于放纸币、证件的)

pursen)小钱袋,小钱包

 

10warrantn ~ for sth 授权命令

issue a warrant for sb’s arrest 发出逮捕某人的逮捕状

           n)(可得到货、钱、服务的)凭证,证件 

a travel warrant 通行证

(n) ~ for sth/doing sth 正当理由,根据 

He had no warrant for doing that 他那样做毫无道理

(vt) 证明正当、有理或恰当

Nothing can warrant such severe punishment。这样严厉de惩罚毫无依据。

assurancen)自信,把握;保证,担保

◎ assure(v)明确或有信心的告诉某人,向某人保证

They were assured that everything possible was done 已经向他们保证,凡是可能做的都做到了。

(v) ~ sb/oneself of sth 使某人(自己)对某事物确信不疑或觉得肯定无误

They tried to assure him of their willingness to work 他们尽力使他相信他们乐于工作。

◎   assured(或者self-assured)(adj)自信的,有把握的

 

 

刘毅词汇10000学习笔记 lesson 33

 

1allocate(vt) ~ sth to sb/sth  assign sth for a special perpuse(为某目的)配给,分配某事物给某人

allocate funds to us for repair work 拨出经费给我们做修理费

◎ allocation(n) 配给,分配,拨出

apportion(vt) ~ sth among/to sb   give sth as a share分配某事物,分派某事物

I don’t wish to apportion blame among you/to any of you。我不愿意怪罪大家。

◎ apportionment(n)分配,分派

 

2brawln)大声争吵,打架

        vi)打闹

gangs of youths brawling in the streets 在街上打打闹闹的一帮青年

fight(vi) ~ against 争取克服、战胜、摧毁或防止某事物

fight against poverty 与贫困做斗争

The two dogs are fighting over a bone。 两只小狗为一块骨头撕咬。

(vi) ~ about/over sth 争吵,争论

It’s a trivial matter and not worth fighting about。区区小事不值得争吵。

(词组)fight back  反击,回击,抵抗

After a disastrous first half the team fought back to level the match。该队在上半场惨败后重整旗鼓以求扳回平局。

(词组)fight sb/sth off 抵抗或击退某人某事物

fighting off repeated enemy attack 击退敌人一次又一次的进攻。

 

3cynicaladj)愤世嫉俗的,自私的不为人所齿的,心中只有自己的

They’ve grown rather cynical about democracy他们逐渐感到所谓民主制度也不过尔尔。

sarcastic(adj)讽刺的,讥讽的,挖苦的

a sarcastic person 好挖苦的人

◎ sarcasm(n)讽刺,挖苦

contemptuous(adj)鄙视的,表示轻蔑的

He threw it away with contemptuous gesture。他带着不屑一顾的样子把它扔了。

sneervi ~ at sb/sth 嘲笑,讥笑某人某事物 

I resent the way he sneer at our efforts 我们已十分努力而他还讥笑我们,我很反感。

 

4embellishvt) ~ sth with sth 美化、装饰或修饰某物;渲染、添枝加叶(使之更有趣,可笑)

a dress embellished with lace and ribbons 有花边和饰带的连衣裙

He often embellishes the tales of his travels。他常给他的旅游趣闻添枝加叶。

◎ embellishment(n)装饰、渲染、润色;装饰之物

adorn(vt) ~ sth/sb/oneself with sth 装饰某物、某人、自己,装点,佩戴,装扮

The dancer was adorned with flowers 跳舞的人戴着许多花。

 

5gallantadj)勇敢的,英勇的;华丽的,堂皇的

a gallant soldier 勇敢的战士

a gallant ship 华丽的船

gallantryn)勇气,勇敢,英勇

He won many hearts by his gallantry。他以殷勤热情赢得芳心无数。

splendidadj)华丽的,壮丽的,堂皇的

a splendid house 富丽堂皇的房子

 

6immerse(vt)  ~ sth in sth 使某物浸于某液体中

immerse the plant in water 把植物浸在水中

(vi) ~ oneself in sth 使自己专心于,沉浸于

He immersed himself totally in his work。 他埋头于工作。

plungevi)使某物突然而猛力投入,穿入,进入等;陷入;使某物突然前移或跌落

They plunged into the water 他们跳进了水中

The news plunged us in despair。我们听到那消息后就陷入了绝望。

 

7ostentatiousadj)夸耀的,炫耀的,卖弄的

dress in a very ostentatious manner 穿的非常显眼

◎ ostentation(n)(对财富、知识、技巧等的)夸耀、炫耀、卖弄

Their daughter’s wedding reception was sheer ostentations 他们女儿大办婚事纯粹是为了炫耀。

showyadj)炫耀的,显示的

 

8、presentiment(n)预感(尤指不祥的),凶兆

a presentiment of trouble ahead 要出乱子的预感

foreboding(n) 要有危险或坏事的预感

She had a sinister foreboding that the plane would crash。她有个不祥的预感,飞机要失事。

◎ forebode(v) 预示(尤指坏事)

 

9、satiatevt)(通常用于被动语态)使某人充分满足而不再需要某事物

She pushed her chair back from the table,satiated。她把椅子从餐桌处向后挪了挪,再也吃不下了。

surfeit(n)(通常做单数)过度,过量(尤指饮食)

a surfeit of rich food is bad for you。多吃油腻食物对身体有害。

(vt) ~  sb/oneself with/on sth 向某人/自己过多的提供某物(尤指食物)

 

10undulatevi)波动,起伏,呈波浪形

wheat undulating in the breeze 微风中起伏的麦浪

undulation(n)波动,起伏

wave(vi)(指固定的物体)往复或上下摆动

a flag waving in the breeze 微风中飘扬的旗子

 

刘毅词汇10000学习笔记 lesson 34

 

1appareln)(旧或文)衣服,服装

lords and ladies in rich apparel

garmentn)(文或谑)(一件)衣服

a strange shapeless garment that had once been a jacket 用夹克改成的怪模怪样的衣服

 

2cajolevt ~ sb into/out of sth 哄骗某人作某事,劝诱某人(指用恭维或欺骗的手段)

She was cajoled into accepting a new contract。她受人哄骗而接受了新合同

~ sth out of sb  以哄骗的手段从某人处得到(信息)

The confession had to be cajoled out of him 连哄带劝他才坦白。

coaxvt ~ sb into/out of doing sth 劝诱或哄骗某人(指慢慢的、逐渐的劝诱)

He coaxed her into letting him take her to the cinema。他哄的她同意带她去看电影

~ sth out of/from sb 用好言好语劝说某人

I had to coax information out of him 我得用好话套出他掌握的情况。

 

3discardvt 扔掉,丢弃(某物);不再使用,不再穿戴(已没用的物品)

discard one’s winter clothes in spring 春天里换下冬装

rejectvt)拒绝接受(某人某事物)

She rejected his offer of marriage。她拒绝了他的求婚

抛弃某物,摒弃,剔除

Imperfect articles are rejected by our quality control 我们进行质量检验时,有缺陷的产品均应剔除。

 

4effeteadj)衰弱的,丧失权力的;缺乏活力和力量的,虚弱的

an effete civilization 没落的文明     an effete young man 无精打采的年轻人

exhaustedadj)极其疲倦的

 

5grudgevt)怨恨某事物,勉强作某事或给某物

He grudges her earning more than he does 他妒忌她挣的比他多

resentvt)(因受到伤害、侮辱等)而感到愤恨、怨恨或气愤

I bitterly resent your criticism 我对你批评我的话十分反感

 

6kidnapv 诱拐、绑架、劫持

Two businessmen have been kidnapped by terrorists 有两个商人让恐怖分子给劫持了

abductvt)诱拐 绑架

◎ abduction(n)

 

7pactn)(人,团体,国家等间的)契约、协议、条约、公约

a non-aggression pact 互不侵犯条约

treatyn)(国家之间的)条约、协定

sign a peace treaty with a neighbouring country 与邻国签订和平条约

 

8pryvi ~ into sth 打听,打探某人的私事

I don’t want them prying into my affairs 我不愿他们打探我的私事

peepvi ~ at sth 匆匆的,诡秘且小心的偷看,窥视

peeping at a secret document 偷看秘密文件

 

9scourvt ~ sth out 将某物刷净或擦亮

scour the pots and pans 将壶和锅刷干净

~ sth away/off 擦掉,刷去污垢

ransackvt ~ sth for sth 彻底搜寻某处;抢劫某物,掠夺

I have ransacked the house for those papers我满房子到处找那些文件

 

10swaggervi)(贬)趾高气扬的走路或行事

He took his prize and swaggered to his seat 他领奖后得意洋洋的回到自己的座位上

strutvi)(贬)趾高气扬的走,高视阔步

She strutted past us,ignoring our greeting 她神气活现的从我们面前走过,我们打招呼她都不理。

 

11vagaryn)(通常作复数)怪异多变,奇想

The vagaries of fashion 时髦样式

fancyn)想象力(尤指对非现实的事物)

I have a fancy that he will be late。我感觉到他要迟到。

 

 

刘毅词汇10000学习笔记 lesson 35

 

1assetn ~ to sb/sth 有价值或有用的特性或技能;有价值的或有用的人

Good health is a great asset。

n)(通常作复数)(属于个人或公司所有的,可以用于抵偿债务的)财产、资产

His assets included shares in the company and a house in Landon。他的财产包括公司的股票和位于伦敦的房子。

propertyn 所有物,财产,资产

The jewels were her personal property。那些首饰是她的私人财产。

           n)所有,所有权

Property brings duties and responsibilities。有了财产也就有了权利和义务。

           n)(尤作复数)(物质等的)特性、性质

Certain plants have medicinal properties。有些植物具有药效效用。

 

2chasm(n)deep opening in the grounds;abyss;gorge (地上的)深坑;深渊;峡谷;

There was a deep political chasm between the two countries which nearly let to a war。两国间的政治冲突几乎导致战争。

(比喻)(人或团体等的感情和利益)的巨大差距,分歧

gapnopening or break in sth or between tow things 缺口,裂口,豁口、

The road goes through a gap in the hills。公路从山间峡谷穿过。

n)空间的间隔

a gap of five miles between towns 镇与镇之间相隔五公里

n)分离

a wide gap between the two people 两人意见的巨大分歧

 

3despoilvt ~ sth of sth 从(某处)抢劫有价值之物,掠夺某物

Museums have despoiled India of many priceless treasures。博物馆里有许多从印度掠夺来的无价之宝。

depredationn (由攻击、事故等造成的)损坏、破坏

The town survived the depredations of marauding gangs。这个城镇经受住了打家劫舍的匪徒造成的破坏。

 

4facetiousadj)(贬)(常为不当的)引人发笑的,诙谐的

a facetious young man 耍贫嘴的小伙子

humorousadj)幽默的,滑稽的,诙谐的

 

5hurtlevi)猛力的或飞快的朝某方向运动

The van hurtled round the corner。货车飞快的转过街角。

dashvi ~ for sth 突进,猛冲

He dashed off with the money。他带着钱逃跑了。

 

6larcenyn)(法律)盗窃、盗窃罪

◎ larcenous(adj)

robberyn)抢劫、盗窃、偷窃、失窃

 

7pervadevt)弥漫、渗遍、遍布、充满

The smell of baked apples pervaded the house。房子里弥漫着烤苹果的香味。

◎ pervasion(n)

spreadvt)(ptpp spread ~ sth out on/over sth 展开、铺开、摊开

The bird spread out its wings 那只鸟张开了翅膀

 

8recantv)宣布放弃(以前的意见、信仰等);(因不正确)撤回,撤销(意见、声明等)

recant one’s former beliefs 宣布放弃以前的信仰

retractv)撤回或撤销(声明、指控的);拒绝遵守或执行协议

The accused refused to retract his statement 那被告拒不撤销其供述。

 

9shamblevi)笨拙的走或跑(拖着脚)

That old tramp shambled up to me。那个老流浪汉拖着脚向我走来。

◎ shambles(n)混乱的场面、凌乱、杂乱

confusionn)迷惑,慌乱;混乱,杂乱

Her unexpected arrival threw us into total confusion。她来得很突然,使我们完全不知所措。

 

10taboon)(某些文化的)禁忌、忌讳;不涉及某事物的一致做法

There is a taboo on smoking in this office。这个办公室里一向都不吸烟的。

prohibitionn)禁止、阻止

 

11trappingsn)(威望、财富等的)外在标志

He had trappings of high office but no real power。他空有高官的派头却无实权。

decorations(n)装饰品,装饰物


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