裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记 lesson 9
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lesson 9 A cold welcome 冷遇
一、 单词讲解 New words and expressions
welcome [‘wɛlkəm] n. 欢迎;v.欢迎
crowd [kraʊd] n. 人群
gather [‘gae ðə] v. 聚集
hand [hae nd] n. (表或机器的)指针
shout [ʃaʊt] v. 喊叫
refuse [ri’fjʊz] v. 拒绝
laugh [lae f] v. 笑
welcome n.& v.& adj.& interj.
1 ) interj. 迎接时打招呼用语
例: Welcome! come in please !欢迎,欢迎,赶快进来
Welcome home . 欢迎回家
Welcome back . 欢迎进来
Welcome to China . 欢迎来中国
Welcome to Beijing 欢迎来北京
2) n 接待,欢迎
greeting, reception
a cold welcome 冷遇
a warm welcome 热烈的欢迎
3) adj .受欢迎的,令人愉快的
a welcome change 受欢迎的改变
welcome news 受欢迎的消息
4) v. 欢迎,迎接( greet)
例: The clock refused to welcome the new year.
这大钟拒绝迎接新年。
The children flew to welcome their mother.
孩子们飞奔着去迎接妈妈。
5) 口语中 You are welcome. 你太客气了 (用作答谢的客套话)
crowd n.
a large number of people gathered together
一群人聚集在一起
the crowd 人们,人群
例: He pushed his way through the crowd . 他挤过人群
a large crowd of people 一大群人
There was a crowd of 2O,OOO people at the football match.
在足球赛场上有 20000 多人。
crowded adj. 拥挤的
a crowded train 拥挤的火车
crowd ( 口)伙伴
the college crowd 大学同学
in crowds 成群的
raise oneself above the crowd 出类拔萃
gather
1)v. 聚集 collect together, come together in one place
例: A crowd soon gathered . 一群人迅速的聚集了起来。
The clouds speedily gathered again . 很快就乌云密布了。
Gather round and I’ll tell you a secret.
聚过来我告诉你们一个秘密。
2) 获知,推测
例: I gathered from her remarks that she wasn’t satisfied with her
job. 我从它的评价得知她对她的工作并不满意。
3 )把衣服裹在身上
例: She gathered a shawl around herself. 她把披肩围在身上。
shawl (女用)披肩,围巾
hand
1 )手
the back of the hand 手背
lead a child by the band 用手牵着孩子
give sb a hand 帮某人一个忙
raise one’s hand 举手
shake hands 握手
wave one’s hand 挥手
wash one’s hands 洗手,可以引审为洗手不干
2 )指针
the minute hand 分针
the hour hand 时针
the second hand 秒针;二手的
3) 方向,侧
例: I see a school on my right/left hand .
右/左手边我看见一所学校。
on the one hand, on the other hand 一方面,另一方面
get the upper hand of 占 … 上风
hand and foot 手脚一起,完全地
tie a person hand 五花大绑
hand to hand 短兵相接
show one’s hand (to ) 摊牌
on all hands 四面八方
shout 因愤怒或为引起注意而喊叫
shout at sb 对…大喊大叫 (不礼貌)
shout to sb 对…大声喊(使听到)
例: I had to shout to make myself heard.
我必须大声目的是让自己被听见
cry (痛苦,惊讶等的自然反应)发出尖利的声音
scream ( 痛苦,恐惧或激动)而喊叫,(大而尖利的声音)
refuse [riˈfju:z] v t .拒绝
refuse sth 拒绝
refuse a gift 拒绝一份礼物
refuse an offer 拒绝一份的给予
refuse an invitation 拒绝一份的邀请
refuse one’s help 拒绝某人的帮助
refuse to do 拒绝去做某事
例: The clock refused to welcome the New Year.
这大钟拒绝迎接新年。
The car refused to start.
这辆车发动不起来了。
The boy refused to lend me his dictionary.
这小孩拒绝借给我他的字典。
refuse sb 拒绝某人
例: They refused him admittance .他们把他拒之门外。
refuse [ ‘ refju:s] n. (u )垃圾;废物
excuse [iks’kju:z] 原谅( v. )
excuse [iks’kju:s] 借口( n.)
accent [ae k’sənt] 重读( v.)
accent [‘ae ksənt] 重读 (n.)
conduct [kənˈdʌkt] 指挥,控制 (v.)
conduct [ˈkɔndʌkt] 行为( n.)
laugh v. 笑,大声笑
例: He who laughs last laughs best. 笑到最后的是笑得最好。
laugh at danger 等闲视之
比较
Laugh 笑,大声笑
smile 微笑
grin 漏齿而笑 [ grin ]
guffaw 捧腹大笑,哄笑,大笑(贬) [gəˈfɔ:]
sneer 嘲笑;冷笑
giggle [ˈɡɪɡ(ə)l] 咯咯地笑
chuckle [ˈtʃʌk(ə)l] 低声吃吃的笑;轻声的笑
laugh at sb 取笑,讥笑某人
laugh to oneself 独自发笑
smile at sb 对 … 微笑
make fun of sb 捉弄,嘲笑,取笑某人
can’t help laughing 忍不住大笑起来
can’t help crying 忍不住大哭起来
laughter n .笑,笑声
a home full of laughter 充满欢笑的家庭
laughing adj .快乐的,好笑的
例: It’s no laughing matter. 这不是什么好笑的事情。
laughing stock 笑柄
二、 关键句型 Key Structures
表时间的介词 at, in, on, from…till, during, not…until 等用
法,要注意在不同时间前分别选择那些介词。
at
1 ) 在某时刻,时间等之前
例 : Lunch was at one o’clock. 午饭在 1 点钟开始。
When did you arrive ? 你什么时候到?
I arrived at 10 o’clock 我 10 点钟到
2 )在固定短语之前
at night 在夜里, at noon 在中午, at teatime 在喝茶的时间, at
lunchtime 在吃午饭的时间, at the weekend 在周末 …
3 ) before festival 在节日之前
at Christmas 在圣诞节 ( 期间 )
at Easter 在复活节
但是我们强调在圣诞节那一天,我们用 on Christmas Day. on 用
在具体的某一天
in
1 )在(一段时间)内
The pigeon covered the distance in 3 minutes.
鸽子在三分钟之内飞完这段路程。
2 )在月,季节,年的前面
例: That was in 1640 . 在 1640 年。
in spring 在春天 ; in summer 在夏天; in July 在七月
3) 表“ … 之后”
例: I’ll come back in a day or two .我在一两天之后回来。
4) 固定短语
in the morning 在早晨
in the afternoon 在下午
in the evening 在晚上
On 在某一天,某个早上,某天前夕等
例: They arrived in Shanghai on May 20 .
他们在五月二十日到达上海。
On the Eve of their departure, they gave a farewell banquet.
告别前夜,他们举办了一个告别宴会。
From…till ( 从…到) from…to
例: They are busy from morning till night .他们从早忙到晚。
They are busy from morning to night . 他们从早忙到晚。
during
1) 在某段时间里的不确定时间
例: She woke many times during the night .
在夜里面她醒了很多次。
2) 在…的这段时间(贯穿始终)
例: They didn’t say a word during the meal .
吃饭期间他们一句话也没有说。
not…until 直到…才
例: They didn’t stop until after six o’clock.
在六点前他们没有停。
after 在 … 之后
例: I want it back the day after tomorrow.
我希望能够在后天拿回这个东西。
It is easy to be wise after the event. 事后诸葛亮
Exercise 用正确的介词填空
1) He has gone abroad. He will return___ two years’time .
他出国了,他两年之后回来
答案为: in
2)____ Saturdays I always go to the market .
每逢星期六我总是去市场
答案: on ,星期六是一个具体的日子
3) I never go to the cinema____ the week
在一周里面我很少看电影
答案: in/during ,由于 week 是一段时间,所以用 in/during
4) He ran a hundred metres ____ thirteen seconds .
他在十三秒内跑完一百米
答案: in 在一段时间内
5) I can’t see him ___ the moment I’m busy.
我在此刻不能见他,我很忙
答案: at ,at the moment 固定搭配
6)My birthday is____ November 7th.I was born ___ 1974.
我的生日是十一月七日。我出生在 1974 年。
答案: on 具体的日子用介词。
in 1974 在具体的年份前用 in
7) The days are very short _____ December.
在十二月份天是非常短的
答案: in 在一个月内
8)We arrived at the village late ____ night We left early in the
morning.
我们深夜到达村庄,大清早才离开
答案: at, late at night 在深夜
in, early in the morning 一大早
9) I shall not hear from him____ tomorrow.
我直到明天才能收到他的信
答案: until, not… until… 直到…才…
三、 课文 Text
On Wednesday evening, we went to the Town Hall. It was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people had gathered under the Town Hall clock. It would strike twelve in twenty minutes’ time.
in the evening 在晚上
on Wednesday evening
It was the last day of the year ;
表达为 New Year’s Eve
strike strike-struck- struck
l )敲,打
strike twelve 敲响十二点
Strike while the iron is hot. (谚语)趁热打铁
2 )施以(打击)
例: The man struck him a heavy blow.
那个人重重的打了他一拳。
3 )撞
例: The ship struck against the rock.
/The ship struck on the rock . 船撞到岩石上去
4 )擦(火柴)
strike a match 擦火柴
5 )突然想到某人、某个主意 (occur to)
例: A good idea struck me.
A good idea occurred to me . 我突然想到了一个好主意。
be struck by 被打动
例: I was struck by its beauty. 我被她的美所打动。
6)n. 罢工 :
be on strike 在罢工
go on strike /go out on strike 举行罢工
Fifteen minutes passed and then, at live to twelve, the clock
stopped. The big minute hand did not move. We waited and waited,
but nothing happened.
pass v. 通过,经过,传递
pass- passed- passed
例 : Half an hour passed . 半小时过去了。
I passed the exam easily. 我轻松的通过了考试。
Pass me the salt please. 请把盐递给我。
waited and waited 待啊等。
We walked and walked . 我们走啊走啊。
We laughed and laughed. 我们笑啊笑啊。
happen vi. 偶然地发生
例: The accident happened at the street corner.
事故偶然发生在这个角落。
happen to 发生于 … 身上
例: She hoped nothing bad would happen to him.
她希望没有不好的事情发生在他身上。
happen to do
例: I happened to see him on the street.
我在街上偶然遇见他。
it happens that… 碰巧;恰好
例: It so happened that the famous actor was her brother.
碰巧那个演员是她的哥哥
(=The famous actor happened to be her brother.)
take place 通常指可预见的事
例: The contest took place yesterday. 比赛昨天举行。
take the place of 代替,接替
例: I’ll take my father’s place for a while.
我将暂时接替我的父亲。
Suddenly someone shouted, ‘It’s two minutes past twelve! The clock has stopped!’ I looked at my watch. It was true. The big clock refused to welcome the New Year. At that moment, everybody
began to laugh and sing.
past prep . 己经 … :在…之后
例 : It’s five minutes past twelve . 己经十二点过五分了。
It’s five minutes past two . 己经二点过五分了。
He walked past me . 他经过我身边。
passed [pɑ:st] past [pɑ:st]
begin v 开始
begin to do–>begin doing 开始做某事
例: When did it begin to rain ? 什么时候开始下雨的?
=When did it begin raining?
start to do –>start doing 开始做某事
begin at 以什么作为开头
begin at page 50 从五十页开始
begin on page 50 (美)
begin with 以 … 开头
例: The story begins with the accidental death of a millionaire.
这个故事以一个百万富翁的意外死亡作为开头。
begin by ( 开始的方式)
例: She began by telling a joke .她以讲故事作为开头。
begin on + 着手做的对象
例: She began on the violin and later changed to the cello
她开始练小提琴后来改为人提琴了。
cello [‘tʃeləu] n . 大提琴
beginning n. 开端
from beginning to end 从头到尾
from the beginning 从最开始
= from the very beginning very 放在名词之前表示强调的作用
in the beginning 在开始的时候
=at the beginning
文中的时间状语及介词的使用:
on Wednesday evening 在星期三的晚上
in twenty minutes 二十分钟之后
at five to twelve 差五分钟十二点的时候
It’s two minutes past twelve ! 己经十二点过两分了
at that moment 在那一刻
Special Difficulties
对疑问句的两种不同的否定回答:
Is there any tea in the pot ? 茶壶里面有茶吗?
There isn’t any tea in the pot . 茶壶里没有任何茶。
not any + n.= no + n.
=There is no tea in the pot.
Is there anyone at the door ? 在门口有人吗?
There isn’t anyone at the door. 门口没有人。
=There is no one at the door.
Is there anybody at the door ? 在门口有人吗?
There isn’t anybody at the door. 门口没有人。
=There is nobody at the door.
Is there anything in the box ? 盒子里面有东西吗?
There isn’t anything in the box. 盒子里面没有任何东西。
There is nothing in the box.
Did you go anywhere yesterday? 昨天你去哪了吗?
I didn’t go anywhere yesterday. 我昨天哪都没去。
I went nowhere yesterday.
Exercise: 用两种不同的方式来对以下疑问句做出否定的问答:
1)Have you any money ? 你有钱吗?
No. I don’t have any money. 我没有钱。
= No. I have no money
2) Did you go anywhere in the holidays ?
假期里你去哪了吗?
No. I didn’t go anywhere in the holidays. 我哪都没去。
=No. I went nowhere in the holidays.
3) Did you buy anything this morning ?
今天早晨你买东西了吗?
No, I didn’t buy anything this morning .
今天早晨我什么都没买
=No, I bought nothing this morning.
4) Was there anybody present when the accident happened?
当事故发生的时候有人在场吗?
No, there wasn’t anybody present when the accident happened. 事
故发生时没有任何人在场
=No, there was nobody present when the accident happened.
Exercise: 用 no 来改写的句子 :
1) He hasn’t any hobbies 他没有任何爱好
= He has no hobbies.
2) He does not go anywhere . 他哪儿都没去
= He goes nowhere.
3) He does not see anybody . 他谁也不去
= He sees nobody.
4) He is not interested in anything except food.
除了食物他不对任何东西感兴趣
=He is interested in nothing except food.
四、练习 Exercises
1) How many times did the clock____ ? 钟敲了多少下 ?
- hit B. beat C. knock D. strike
分析: A. 重重的一击,敲中;
- 连续不断地,有规律的敲打;
- 敲出声音,让对方听到;
D .不断地敲打;敲钟,钟鸣,报时。
2) It was fifteen minutes ____eleven .
- pass B. past C. passedD. pasted
分析:表示“几点过几分”时只能用 past ,作为介词表“经过”
的意思。选 B
- pass 动词表“经过”;
- passed 是 pass 的过去式;
- pasted 是 paste 的过去式。
3) It refused to welcome the New Year. It___ .
它拒绝迎接新年,它不想迎接。
- denied it B. wanted to C. didn’t want to D. wished to
分析:选择 C 之后,使句子的意思同前面的句子 It refused to… 的
含义最接近
B .想要; D .希望; A .否认,拒绝接受。
4) Each member of the committee helped to _____. the information
contained in the report.
- surmount B. gather C. consign D. devise
分析:根据意思选 B, A. 克服,超越; B. 收集,采集; C. 寄存,委托;
- 设计,发明
五、 复习 Review
1.Key Structure:
关于表达时间介词的用法
例 : I always leave home at 8 o’clock.
我总是八点钟离开家。
I’ll be back in ten minutes. 我十分钟之后回来。
Many tourists come here in Summer.
在夏天许多游客到这来。
They usually come in July .
他们总在七月份到这来。
He will return on May 5th .
他在五月五号会回来。
The shops are open from 9 till 5.
商店从九点到五点营业。
It rained heavily during the night .
雨在夜里下的很大。
He will not arrive until 10 o’clock .
他直到十点钟才能回来。
- Main Points:
welcome to … 欢迎到某地来
a warm welcome 热情的欢迎
a cold welcome 冷遇
a large crowd of people 一大群人
hour hand 时针
minute hand 分针
second hand 秒针;二手的
on my right hand 在我的右手边
shout at sb 对某人大喊大叫
refuse sb 拒绝某人
refuse sth 拒绝某个东西
laugh 大笑
smile 微笑
chuckle 吃吃的笑
giggle 咯咯的笑
grin 漏齿笑,呲着牙笑
guffaw 捧腹大笑
sneer 冷笑痴笑
laughing stock 笑柄
六、 补充内容
量词
a fistful of 一把
例: The child seized a fistful of nuts.
那孩子抓了一把栗子。
a handful of 一把;少数: 一小撮
例: Only a handful of people came to the meeting.
只有少数人到会。